Question

What were the arguments for and against Indian removal

Answer 1

The argument for:
The fact that someone wanted the land they were on. They were making very good use to it prior to their removal. But some whites wanted land because they couldn't make a profit from it.

argument against:

They were their first and had a prior claim.

Answer 2

First, they argued that the white Americans (and their black slaves) needed the land and could make better use of it.  They argued that Americans could make the land more economically productive than the Indians had been able to.  Second, the proponents argued from the idea of white superiority.  They argued that the Indians were inferior and that it was not necessary to treat them fairly.