Because it makes accessing them easier for the cell, it is assumed that the bases will be on the outside of the DNA molecule.
<h3>
What is DNA molecule?</h3>
- Because the two DNA strands are made up of simpler monomeric units termed nucleotides, they are referred to as polynucleotides.
- Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and one of the four nitrogen-containing nucleobases (cytosine [C], guanine [G], adenine [A], or thymine [T]).
- An alternating sugar-phosphate backbone is created when the nucleotides are linked together in a chain by covalent connections (also referred to as the phospho-diester linkage) between the sugar of one nucleotide and the phosphate of the next.
- To create double-stranded DNA, the nitrogenous bases of the two distinct polynucleotide strands are joined by hydrogen bonds in accordance with the base pairing principles (A with T and C with G). Pyrimidines and purines make up the two families of complimentary nitrogenous bases.
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<span>If I didn't know I had tay sachs (a genetic neurodegenerative condition), I would be terrified because of what I would perceive as a dysfunction of my brain. Once I were diagnosed with it, I would know there isn't any cure or treatment. I'd know that it would cause me to have a range of issues, such as paralysis, seizures and dementia. All of these would absolutely diminish my quality of life, both physically and emotionally, and shorten it. On the other hand, the effects on me of sickle cell anemia (a red blood cell disorder) would be comparatively less severe. It is treatable and manageable through diet, exercise, medication and other measures. The main symptions are pain, swelling and fatigue. Although the quality of my life would be significantly altered, at least I would feel I had options to mitigate its effects.</span>
Lymphocytes that destroy foreign cells or virus- infected cells are cytotoxic T cells.
<h3>What is cytotoxic T cell?</h3>
- A particular class of immune cell that is capable of eliminating specific types of cells, such as virus-infected cells, cancer cells, and alien cells.
- To destroy cancer cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes can be isolated from other blood cells, cultured in a lab, and then administered to a patient.
- White blood cells and lymphocytes both fall under the category of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
- It is also known as a killer T cell and a cytotoxic T cell.
- The helper T cell and the cytotoxic T cell are the two main subtypes of T cells.
- Helper T cells, as their names imply, "assist" other immune system cells, whereas cytotoxic T cells "kill" virally-infected cells and tumours.
- The TCR cannot directly bind antigen, unlike an antibody.
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