I believe the answer is c
Although the actual questions are missing from your ask, here's how you can tell.
If the study will be messed up (added bias) through interaction with the subjects the study should be observational. For example if a biologists wanted to study the eating habits of wild birds in the tropics, they would need to do an observational study. if they did a controlled experiment, the birds will change their eating habits based on human interaction, thus making the study invalid.
If the study requires specific measurements, close monitoring, or contact and interaction with the subjects the study should be a controlled experiment. For example, if a scientist wanted to test out a new drug, the health of patients would need to be closely monitored.
Answer:
eating better and exercising for a month
Answer:
980,100
Explanation:
let the recessive condition (aa) be represented as q² which is the genotypic frequency = 100/1,000,000 = 0.0001
allelic frequency of a = q = √q² = √0.0001 = 0.01. thus q = 0.01
From the formula p + q = 1 where p is the allelic frequency of A.
since q = 0.01
p = 1 - 0.01 = 0.99. The allelic frequency of A (p) = 0.99
p² = 0.99² = 0.9801. Genotypic frequency of AA= 0.9801
= 0.9801 x 1,000,000 = 980,100 individuals with AA (homozygous normal)
For 2pq genotypic frequency for hetrozygous (Aa).
Using the formula p² + 2pq + q² = 1. Since p² = 0.9801 and q² = 0.0001
2pq = 1 - (p² + q²)
= 1 - (0.9801 + 0.0001)
= 1 - (0.9802)
= 0.0198 = 0.0198 x 1,000,000 = 19,800 individuals with Aa
