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3 years ago

In preparing closing entries

Business

2 answers:

mrs_skeptik [129]3 years ago

6 0

Answer:

a. each revenue account will be credited.

Explanation:

In accrual accounting revenues and expenses are realised and recorded when the revenues are earned or when expenses are incurred.

Temporary accounts are used to store balances from the revenue or expense activities of a business.

Eventually these accounts are closed out to permanent revenue and expense accounts. Revenues are credited to reflect income earned, and expenses are debited to reflect costs incurred.

Elanso [62]3 years ago

4 0

Answer:

B) each expense account will be credited.

Explanation:

Revenue and expense accounts are temporary accounts since they basically show how the company operated during the year and must be rest for the next accounting period.

First all revenue and expense accounts must be closed to an income summary account. Expense accounts are closing by crediting them and revenue accounts are closed by debiting them.

Then the income summary account and the dividends account must be closed to retained earnings. The only "permanent" account in this sequence is retained earnings that is part of shareholders' equity.

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Answer:

Part a 

Belmain Co.

Estimated Income statement for the year ended 2017.

Sales ($240 x 12,000) $2,880,000

Less Variable Costs :

Direct Materials ($50.00 x 12,000) ($600,000)

Direct Labor ($30.00 x 12,000) ($360,000)

Factory Overheads ($6.00 x 12,000) ($72,000)

Sales Salaries and Commissions ( $4.00 x 12,000) ($48,000)

Miscellaneous selling expenses ( $1.00 x 12,000) ($12,000)

Supplies ($4.00 x 12,000) ($48,000)

Miscellaneous administrative expenses ($1.00 x 12,000) ($12,000)

Contribution $1,728,000

Less Fixed Expenses :

Factory overhead ($350,000)

Sales salaries and commissions ($340,000)

Advertising ($116,000)

Travel ($4,000)

Miscellaneous selling expense ($2,300)

Office and officers’ salaries ($325,000)

Supplies ($6,000)

Miscellaneous administrative expense ($8,700)

Net Income ( Loss) $576,000

Part b

0.6 or 60 %

Part c

Break-even sales (units) = 8,000

Break-even sales (dollars) = $1,920,000

Part d

See attachment

Part e

Margin of safety in dollars = $960,000

Margin of safety in percentage = 33.3 %

Part f

Operating Leverage = 3.00

Explanation:

Income Statement :

Sales - Expenses = Income

Note : I have separated Variable and Fixed Expenses

Contribution Margin ratio :

Contribution Margin ratio = Contribution ÷ Sales

= $1,728,000 ÷ $2,880,000

= 0.6 or 60 %

Break-even sales ( units and dollars) :

Break-even sales (units) = Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution per unit

= $1,152,000 ÷ $144.00

= 8,000

Break-even sales (dollars) = Fixed Costs ÷ Contribution margin ratio

= $1,152,000 ÷ 0.60

= $1,920,000

Margin of safety in dollars and as a percentage of sales :

Margin of safety in dollars = Expected Sales (dollars) - Break-even sales (dollars)

= $2,880,000 - $1,920,000

= $960,000

Margin of safety in % = (Expected Sales - Break-even sales ) ÷ Expected Sales

= $960,000 ÷ $2,880,000

= 33.3 %

Operating leverage

Operating Leverage = Contribution ÷ Earnings Before Interest and Tax

= $1,728,000 ÷ $576,000

= 3.00

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