<span>1876 Supreme Court case ruled against any individual right to bear armsSecond Amendment guaranteed only states' rights to maintain militiasState governments could regulate guns however they saw fit<span>Presser v. Illinois affirmed Cruikshank ruling, further clarified that Second Amendment rights had not been "incorporated"—that is, they were not binding on the states</span></span>
Until quite recently, the answer to that question was pretty simple—the Court's interpretation of the Second Amendment was established in just a few cases. The first of these was United States v. Cruikshank. You can read more about this case here, but the short version is that in 1876 the Court ruled that the Second Amendment served only to protect the states against the federal government. Because the states in 1787 were worried that a too-powerful federal government might trample their rights, the Court said, the Second Amendment was added to the Constitution guaranteeing their right to maintain militias. The Second Amendment did not, in this interpretation, provide any individual right to keep and bear arms; it only guaranteed a state's right to maintain a militia. Moreover, since these militias were to be "well regulated," and since the Second Amendment was aimed only at the threat posed by the federal government, state governments were—according to this ruling—free to regulate guns in any manner they saw fit.
That the government couldn't rise taxes without the consent of the people
There exist various ways of investment into human resources. Businesses can invest in general human capital, which is an investment into specific or general training that enables acquisition of general knowledge usable in various companies. This results in higher future expected return of investment.
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
Japan began its drive toward modernization and catch-up with the West in the Meiji Era (1868-1912). The shogun lost his power, the emperor played a more significative role and a new elite administrated the state. Western models and patterns were adopted, official missions were sent to the most advanced countries to study their modern educational, administrative, industrial, defense, commercial and scientific systems and solutions. There was no more place for the samurais and their lifestyle. Some members of the old samurai class simply became part of the new elites. The old samurai way of life simply died. However, Japan retained many unique elements of its culture and idiosyncracy.