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The First Battle of Bull Run, also known as the Battle of Manassas, marked the first major land battle of the American Civil War. On July 21, 1861, Union and Confederate armies clashed near Manassas Junction, Virginia. The engagement began when about 35,000 Union troops marched from the federal capital in Washington, D.C. to strike a Confederate force of 20,000 along a small river known as Bull Run. After fighting on the defensive for most of the day, the rebels rallied and were able to break the Union right flank, sending the Federals into a chaotic retreat towards Washington. The Confederate victory gave the South a surge of confidence and shocked many in the North, who realized the war would not be won as easily as they had hoped.
Prelude to the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas)
By July 1861, two months after Confederate troops opened fire on Fort Sumter to begin the Civil War, the northern press and public were eager for the Union Army to make an advance on Richmond ahead of the planned meeting of the Confederate Congress there on July 20. Encouraged by early victories by Union troops in western Virginia and by the war fever spreading through the North, President Abraham Lincoln ordered Brigadier General Irvin McDowell to mount an offensive that would hit quickly and decisively at the enemy and open the way to Richmond, thus bringing the war to a mercifully quick end. The offensive would begin with an attack on more than 20,000 Confederate troops under the command of General P.G.T. Beauregard camped near Manassas Junction, Virginia (25 miles from Washington, D.C.) along a little river known as Bull Run.
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The mining and cattle ranching industries increased in the west
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Federalism is a kind of government where the force is split between the public government and other administrative units. It stands out from a unitary government, where a focal position holds the force, and a confederation, wherein states, for instance, are unmistakably prevailing.
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Mediterranean Sea
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North African countries including the likes of Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia, and Western Sahara are bordered by the Mediterranean seas. which separate them from Middle East and Europe entirely.
Hence, in this case, the correct answer to the question is MEDITERRANEAN SEA
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Monarchies originated for a newly founded society to function with a leader at the top. They originated at around 3000 BCE most likely in Egypt or Sumer and kings and queens held a divine status there and in many countries after them.
It is difficult to change a type of government in general because that requires changing many parts of how that particular society works. And since the monarch class holds most or all power in a given state it is very hard to convince them that they should stop ruling. This is why violent revolutions against absolute monarch rule happened many times in history.