This is true.
An easy way to remember this is that Cis-acting elements are physically linked to a set of structural genes. So promoters and operators are physically linked to the gene they express. They are cis acting because they are on the same strand as the structural gene they control.
On the other side, trans means that they can come from somewhere else and act. A good example of this would be regulatory proteins. These could be expressed somewhere else (or on a different strand) and then bind and affect transcription.
Those plants, fruits or vegetables may contain parasites or harmful diseases
Answer:
They showed that alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules form the twisted uprights of the DNA ladder.
Explanation:
. The rungs of the ladder are formed by complementary pairs of nitrogen bases — A always paired with T and G always paired with C.
Answer:
a. <u>A</u><u> describes the effect of light intensity on photosynthesis.</u>
Explanation:
In plants and other primary producers, photosynthesis is a biological mechanism that is vital to energy production. Energy-containing carbohydrates are derived from light, water and carbon dioxide in the form of glucose molecules.
The waste product oxygen is released as a result. Photosynthesis depends on many variables, including:
- carbon dioxide concentration,
- ambient temperature
- and light intensity
It is a rate-limited reaction. Since photons or particles of light provide the energy required for the reaction, high intensities of light increase the photosynthetic rate. From the graph shown, as <u><em>the intensity increases steadily, so does the rate</em></u>- but at too high of an intensity, it ceases to affect the rate of photosynthesis, which becomes constant or plateaus.
Beyond this point, either the supply of <em>carbon dioxide or the temperature</em> limits the reaction. For instance, at high intensities tissues may even be damaged by high temperatures or heat.
Answer:
thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
Explanation:
The complete question is as follows:
Under physiological conditions, peptide bond formation and degradation both require enzymes, but only formation requires coupling to GTP hydrolysis. Based on this information, peptide bonds under physiological conditions are:
A. both thermodynamically and kinetically stable.
B.thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
C.thermodynamically stable but kinetically unstable.
D. both thermodynamically and kinetically unstable.
- The term thermodynamically unstable refers to the fact that the peptide bonds are prone to breakage under physiological conditions.
- The reason why one can conclude the thermodynamic instability of the peptide bonds under physiological condition is that there is a need for a source of energy i.e. GTP hydrolysis for the formation of the peptide bond.
- The fact that the breakage of peptide does not require any input of energy but the only formation does confirms the fact that under physiological conditions they are thermodynamically unstable.
- Even though they are thermodynamically unstable, they are kinetically stable because both the formation and degradation require enzymes.
- The function of enzymes is to decrease the activation energy and hence, increase the rate of reaction. This means that if the enzymes are absent the rate of breakage of peptide bonds would be really slow this points out to the fact that they are kinetically stable under physiological conditions.
