A sentence taken word for word from a book is called a DIRECT quotation.
Answer:
1- By illustrating the ways in which readers have related to the novel's characters and themes.
A 5 year old because they have the ability to speak probably a full sentence. All you have to do is figure out what their trying to say
A. knew, because if you think about how they all sound, B and C could not work, since they sound kind of weird. D sound like it could work, but only if it was "had <em>know</em><em>n</em>". Therefore the only answer left to pick is "A. knew".