What you are reading and think what is in the text so you can understand it better.
The rule of Pericles was simply a period of time after the Persian Wars, where Athens was trying to recoup from the war. Oftentimes, this was used to build up the treasury to ensure that Athens would return back to its originally glorious state.
The term that describes the concept of having three branches of power is : Separation of powers
This concept prevent the Government from becoming too powerful and untouchable by its own law
hope this helps
It established the Judicial Courts, making up our whole judiciary branch.
Most likely, going on a hunger strike to raise awareness about racial injustice. Mainstream civil rights activists advocated a nonviolent approach.