The first major labor union was founded in 1866 by William Sylvis. It was called the National Labor Union (NLU).
It was the first national federation in the United States but it did not last. It dissolved in 1873. However, it paved the way for other labor unions and organizations.
Each state would have two delegates in the Senate, while representation in the House of Representatives would be based on population. Finally, the delegates agreed to the "Great Compromise," also known as the Connecticut Compromise.
Their so-called Great Compromise (also known as the Connecticut Compromise after its architects, Connecticut delegates Roger Sherman and Oliver Ellsworth) established a dual system of congressional representation. Each state would be assigned a number of seats in the House of Representatives based on its population.
The Great Compromise of 1787 gave larger states population-based representation in the lower house, while smaller states gained equal representation in the upper house.
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"The Sputnik launch changed everything. As a technical achievement, Sputnik caught the world's attention and the American public off-guard. Its size was more impressive than Vanguard's intended 3.5-pound payload. In addition, the public feared that the Soviets' ability to launch satellites also translated into the capability to launch ballistic missiles that could carry nuclear weapons from Europe to the U.S. Then the Soviets struck again; on November 3, Sputnik II was launched, carrying a much heavier payload, including a dog named Laika.
The Sputnik launch also led directly to the creation of National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). In July 1958, Congress passed the National Aeronautics and Space Act (commonly called the "Space Act"), which created NASA as of October 1, 1958 from the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) and other government agencies."- https://history.nasa.gov/sputnik/
