Pioneer species are the first to return after a disturbance, so the answer would either be B or C and my best guess would be C.
Answer:
1. Indigenous people have tonnes of reserved land
2. Indigenous don't pay taxes
3. Indigenous can't speak in English
Explanation:
1. Erosion
The erosion is a very big problem in the agriculture. This problem is especially big where there are slopes, or the surface layer of the soil is very loose. In order to stop the degradation of the soil, thus to be able to use it on the long run and to have good yields, the people have started to come up with multiple solutions. One of the methods has been to reduce runoff from the irrigation, as with it, the top, most fertile layer of the soil is washing away. By using methods where the water falls on the land at a more direct angle, the soil is not washed away. Another method, used at places with steeper slopes, is the terracing. This method is basically creating terrace like flat parts on the slopes, and by doing so, the soil is preserved as it is flat, instead of being on a slope and constantly exposed to runoff and wind.
2. False
The label ''natural'' on the foods is a term that is very often used by the companies, but legally it is not really accepted and regulated. The companies use this term so that they can attract more costumers, leading them to believe that the product doesn't have any artificial additions. This is not true though, as pretty much all foods labeled like this do have artificial additions to them, and since it is legally not regulated as to what should the percentage of organic food be in them, there's not really a standard for it.
3. False
The genetically modified plants are very useful for the elimination of malnutrition among the humans, but on the other hand they are very dangerous for the biodiversity. While these plants will in general not reproduce with the wild ones, the dangers are that these plants are able to easily out-compete the wild ones. The genetic changes in these plants provide them with advantageous traits, such as being larger, producing more seeds, being resilient to harsher weather conditions, which leads to easily take over the wild populations and replace them.
<span>1) Would depend on what you were trying to date. It you were trying to date the crystallisation of the parental magma, most likely U-Pb dating on zircon or perhaps monazite if present. Both minerals occur commonly as igneous minerals in granite and are relatively resistant to metamorphism, so stand a reasonable chance of retaining the crystallization age. The U-Pb system is also a long-lived decay system, so is appropriate to the timescale.. If you were trying to date the age of the 'stuff' the granite was made from (i.e. when the 'stuff' was extracted from the mantle) Hf isotopes. If you were trying to date the cooling history of the granite, a combination of U-Pb (on minerals such as titanite), Ar-Ar and Rb-Sr dating. The Rb-Sr and K-Ar (which Ar-Ar dating is based upon) and the Lu-Hf system are also long-lived systems, which are appropriate to the timescalse but typically record different information from the U-Pb system in zircon. In the case of the Rb-Sr and K-Ar system, they are prone to disturbance by heating, which makes them useful for dating the cooling and uplift history of rocks. </span>
<span>2) Is a tricky measurement. You could use Ar-Ar dating or U238-U234-Pb206 dating. But both are analytically difficult because both the U-Pb and K-Ar system are based on decays that are slower than is optimal for the age range. There is not really a better alternative though. Both methods, are however applicable to young igneous rocks, with care. </span>
<span>3) C14 dating. The material is geologically young and organic, so if it has remained closed system, C14 is probably applicable. </span>
<span>4) None. You would look for volcanic ash beds in the sedimentary sequence and do U-Pb dating on the contained zircons. With a few exceptions, fossils cannot be directly dated.</span>