Question

If all the data in a database is not physically located in one place, it would be a(n _______ database.

Answer 1

Distributed. Distributing data has some advantages and disadvantages. Mostly it brings you performance, because you can spread the work over multiple nodes, and connect to nearby nodes. If you fully replicate the data your system becomes redundant; one node can break and you don't lose anything.

The price to pay is the overhead in keeping multiple locations in sync.