Why do melting ice caps make Earth warmer?
The correct answer is C. Albedo decreases.
When the albedo is lower, more radiation from the Sun gets absorbed by the planet resulting in rise of temperature. When the snow covered area warms up and melts, the albedo goes down and more sunlight is absorbed in that area and the temperatures increase.
Answer:
Stars form large groupings
Explanation:
A large group of stars that have a common origin and are gravitationally bound for some length of time is called star clusters. Star clusters provide a way to study the ages of stars and stellar evolution. There are two categories of star clusters i.e. galactic clusters, and globular clusters.
Out of the given options, we can say that the correct option is (b) "Stars form large groupings".
<h2>b) option is correct </h2>
Explanation:
- Some bacterial toxins cause disease by altering the activity of G protein, cholera toxin is one of them
- Cholera toxin catalyse ADP ribosylation of Gs and blocks GTPase activity thus Gs GTP become permanently active
- Constitutive activation of Gs protein continuously induce adenylyl cyclase, cytosolic cAMP level rises that leads to activation of protein kinase A (pKA)
- Activated pKA catalyse phosphorylation of two transmembrane proteins of intestinal epithelial cells:
- CFTR cause excessive outflow of Cl- ion and Na+ H+ exchange cause efflux of Na+ ion, both enters in gut and form Na+ Cl-
- Na+Cl- leads to outflow of water from the gut, resulting in diarrhea and dehydration and this condition may cause death of organisms due to loss of water and ions
