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yaroslaw [1]
3 years ago
10

Btx depolarizes the membrane and prevents repolarization. what effect would this have on electrical signaling by the nervous sys

tem?
Biology
2 answers:
Nadya [2.5K]3 years ago
8 0

BTX depolarizes the membrane and prevents repolarization. It blocks the electrical signaling from the nervous system by blocking sodium channels.

Further Explanation:

BTX or batrachotoxin is a kind of steroidal alkaloid. It was first derived from the skin of poison dart frogs or Dendrobatidae. This neurotoxin blocks the nerve and muscle cells from passing on the electrical signals. These toxins mainly block electric signal transmission from the nerves to the muscle by binding and inactivating the sodium channels.

The permeability of the external membrane of human nerve and muscle cells increase and pass sodium ions. It prevents these arteries within muscle tissues from terminating regularly, rather providing a large volume of sodium ions circulates inside the cell. Connection with batrachotoxin creates insensitivity in individual tissues. Upon accessing the human body, this poison generates muscle and nerve depolarization, fibrillation, arrhythmias, and heart failure. BTX is a cause of these harmful outcomes by conflicting with the body's capability to carry electrical signals through medians of action possibility.

Learn more:

1. Learn more about the product of photosynthesis brainly.com/question/873199

2. Learn more about cellular respiration: brainly.com/question/8900186

3. Learn more about glucose: brainly.com/question/5125550

Answer details:

Grade: Higher secondary

Subject: Biology

Topic: Batrachotoxin

Keywords:

Batrachotoxin, dendrobatidae, harmful, tissue, heart failure, connection, action, possibility, depolarization, muscle, membrane, blocks, electric signal.

strojnjashka [21]3 years ago
5 0
BTX or batrachotoxin is a type of steroidal alkaloid which was first derived from the skin of Dendrobatidae or poison dart frogs. This neurotoxin prevents the muscle and nerve cells from transmitting electrical signals. The toxin permanently blocks electrical signal transmission from the nerves to the muscle by binding and inactivating the sodium channels.  
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Complete question:

A hypothetical bat species (species 1) lives in a city. Another hypothetical bat species (species 2) established a population in the same city after a number of individuals escaped from a zoo. In isolation, each species prefers to roost in buildings that are three or more stories tall. After species 2 became established in the city, species 1 began roosting only in buildings less than three stories tall, whereas species 2 roosted in buildings three or more stories tall. Observers determined that the bright streetlights at ground level had previously deterred most bats from roosting in shorter buildings. Over many generations of existing in the same city with species 2, species 1 showed changes in eye size and retina structure. Complete the following statements about the two bat species.

  1. Roosting areas in buildings of any height are the _________ of species 1.
  2. Roosting areas in buildings of any height are the _________________ of both bat species.
  3. ____________ between the two bat species occurs because both species prefer the same roosting areas.
  4. In parts of the city with only tall buildings (over two stories), __________ of species 1 may occur.
  5. Roosting areas in buildings that are one to two stories tall are the __________ of species 1 when species 2 is present.

a. fundamental niche

b. realized niche

c. character displacement

d. intraspecific competition

e. interspecific competition

f. (-\-)

g. resource partitioning

h. competitive exclusion

Answer:

  1. Roosting areas in buildings of any height are the fundamental niche of species 1.
  2. Roosting areas in buildings of any height are the fundamental niche of both bat species.
  3. Interspecific competition between the two bat species occurs because both species prefer the same roosting areas.
  4. In parts of the city with only tall buildings (over two stories), competitive exclusion of species 1 may occur.
  5. Roosting areas in buildings that are one to two stories tall are the realized niche of species 1 when species 2 is present.

Explanation:

  • The ecological niche is the synthesis of all the environmental factors that influence the growth, survival, and reproduction of species. These factors also include the interaction between species.  
  • The fundamental niche refers only to environmental conditions in which a species can live and survive <u>in the absence</u> of any interaction with other species.
  • The realized niche refers to the restricted conditions in which a species can live and survive as a result of environmental physic characteristics and the interaction with other species.
  • Interspecific competition refers to the interaction between two or more species that use the same fundamental niche. These species compete for the same resources like food, shelter, or water, among many others. Eventually one of the species dominates and the other is displaced.  
  • Competitive exclusion refers to the exclusion of the inferior competitor by the superior competitor when there is not habitat differentiation, and both species can not share the same niche. In this case, the effective niche of the dominant species completely occupies the fundamental niche of the inferior competitor.  
  • Resources partitioning refers to one dominant species monopolizing the resources, and the other inferior species use other resources -partially or completely -, migrate or get extinguished.

<em>A way in which species can divide resources is by living in different habitat areas. These species might eat the same food, and can roost in different places within the habitat. This resource partitioning and differentiation in the function of their physical location allows both species to coexist more effectively. </em>  

In the present example, both bat species can coexist in the same city but the weaker bat species (species 1) roost at the top of the shorter buildings while dominant species (species 2) roost at the top of the highest buildings.

8 0
3 years ago
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