Question

During the first month of operations ended August 31, Kodiak Fridgeration Company manufactured 48,000 mini refrigerators, of which 44,000 were sold. Operating data for the month are summarized as follows:
1 Sales $8,800,000.00

2 Manufacturing costs:
3 Direct materials $3,360,000.00
4 Direct labor 1,344,000.00
5 Variable manufacturing cost 816,000.00
6 Fixed manufacturing cost 528,000.00 6,048,000.00 7

Selling and administrative expenses:
8 Variable $528,000.00
9 Fixed 352,000.00 880,000.00

Required:
a. Prepare an income statement based on the absorption costing concept.
b. Prepare an income statement based on the variable costing concept.
c. Explain the reason for the difference in the amount of income from operations reported in (1) and (2).

Answer 1

Answer:

Part a.

Income statement based on the absorption costing concept.

Sales                                                                                      $8,800,000.00

Less Cost of Sales

Beginning  Inventory                                          $0

Add Manufacturing Cost                          $6,048,000.00

Less Ending Inventory                                ($504,000.00) ($5,544,000.00)

Gross Profit                                                                            $3,256,000.00

Less Expenses :

Selling and administrative expenses:

Variable                                                      $528,000.00

Fixed                                                           $352,000.00     ($880,000.00)

Net Income/(loss)                                                                   $2,376,000.00

Part b.

Income statement based on the variable costing concept.

Sales                                                                                      $8,800,000.00

Less Cost of Sales

Beginning  Inventory                                          $0

Add Manufacturing Cost                          $5,520,000.00

Less Ending Inventory                                ($460,000.00) ($5,060,000.00)

Contribution                                                                            $3,740,000.00

Less Expenses :

Fixed manufacturing cost                          $528,000.00

Selling and administrative expenses:

Variable                                                      $528,000.00

Fixed                                                           $352,000.00      ($1,408,000.00)

Net Income/(loss)                                                                    $2,332,000.00

Part c.

Reason : Fixed Costs deferred in Ending Inventory in Absorption Costing has resulted in a higher Income.

Explanation:

Units in Ending Inventory Calculation :

Production                             48,000

Less Sales                            (44,000)

Ending Inventory                    4,000

Absorption Costing Calcs

Variable Manufacturing Costs

Direct materials                         $3,360,000.00

Direct labor                                 $1,344,000.00

Variable manufacturing cost        $816,000.00

Fixed manufacturing cost            $528,000.00

Total                                           $6,048,000.00

Ending Inventory =  $6,048,000.00 × 4,000 / 48,000

                            =   $504,000

Variable Costing Calcs

Variable Manufacturing Costs

Direct materials                         $3,360,000.00

Direct labor                                 $1,344,000.00

Variable manufacturing cost        $816,000.00

Total                                           $5,520,000.00

Ending Inventory =  $5,520,000.00 × 4,000 / 48,000

                            =   $460,000