Answer:
A pathway, which is used within the body to develop glucose from the non-carbohydrate sources is termed as gluconeogenesis. This process permits the body to accumulate the required energy in the form of glucose within the brain. The mentioned phenomenon takes place in the kidneys and liver.
The stimulation of the process takes place by the diabetogenic hormones like cortisol and glucagon and the substrates, which are required for the process include lactate, glycerol, and some kind of amino acids. In the process of gluconeogenesis, the reverse of the glycolytic and fermentation pathways takes place, that is, by transforming the substrate lactate initially into pyruvate and eventually back into glucose.
Of the mentioned molecules, glucose-6-phosphate, acetyl-CoA, and glucagon work as an activator of gluconeogenesis and insulin and AMP function as an inhibitor of the process. However, ATP and fructose-1,6-bisphosphate neither works as an activator or inhibitor of the process.
