Rtks can activate the enzyme phosphoinositide 3-kinase, which phosphorylates inositol phopholipids; these phospholipids then serves as docking sites that recruit specific intracellular signaling proteins to the plamsa membrane. RTKs may activate various pathways including; the MAP-kinae signalling module, the Ras signalling pathway, and the phospholipase C/inostol phospholipid signaling pathway.
The nephron forms the basic functional unit of the kidney and comprises of various parts as shown in the picture.
Urine is formed by the process of ultrafiltration, and collected in the proximal tubule, from where it passes to the loop of Henle, the distal tubule and the collecting ducts, undergoing the processes of reabsorption and secretion to form the urine that is ultimately passed out. The concentration of urine so formed is governed by the water and elecrolyte balance of the body, and the required concentration is achieved by the processes mentioned above in the nephron
Answer:
Parentals: PP (purple) and pp (white)
F1: Pp (purple)
Explanation:
When the two parental plants of differing phenotypes (purple or white flowers) cross, the F1 is 100% purple. This result suggests that the parentals were true breeding (homozygous), with purple flowers being the dominant allele.
When the F1 self pollinates, the F2 shows proportions very similar to 3/4 purple and 1/4 white (401/532 ≅ 3/4 and 131/532 ≅ 1/4). The 3:1 phenotypic ratio is typical of the offspring resulting from a cross between two heterozygous individuals.
The results make sense if the genotypes of the different generations are:
Parentals: PP (purple) X pp (white)
F1: Pp (purple)
F2: 1/4 PP, 2/4 Pp, 1/4 pp