Explanation:
Global warming is the Middle East's greatest enemy. Records and facts displays that it will region or geographical area that climate change will hit the hardest. Summer temperatures across the geographical area are expected to escalate with it being more than twice the global average. Prolonged heat waves, desertification, and droughts will take greater parts of the Middle East and North Africa thereby, making them uninhabitable . Areas where Middle Easterners will still have the opportunity to live in, climate change may result in an escalated violent competition or battle over diminishing resources. Even though some degree of global warming is unavoidable, governments in the region and their international partners have done little or nothing to integrate climate change to their strategies or to mitigate instability and conflict. In its stead, they get themselves ready for a Middle East in which global warming fuels unrest, conflict and turmoil, weakens state capacity, and provokes resource conflicts.
Using a clear and defined example of global warming’s damaging power, look no further than Syria. Climate change is the true and actual reason behind the generational drought that has permanently presided the ongoing civil war there. That famous drought has driven away all of Syria's rural farmers into urban cities like Damascus and Aleppo, exposing the populace for a concentrated, large-scale political unrest. From the year 2002 to 2010, the country’s total urban population increased by 50 percent with majority causes by a forced migration. Although climate change certainly did not compel Bashar Al-Assad to brutally crack down on his own people, it actually caused a confrontation that might not have happened. Climate-caused economic despair and forced migration worked to reinforce other salient conflict drivers including Assad’s “privatization” efforts and concentration of power that exaggerated inequality and severed the dictator’s connection to rural, recently migrated communities. As climate change caused rapid temperature increase, terrible food shortages, and economic pain and recession everywhere, more Middle Eastern countries might tip over into bloodshed.
Climate-caused water shortages will be another source of conflict. When the Islamic State controlled large swathes of territory across Iraq and Syria, it wrested control of dams that provided drinking water, electricity, and irrigation to millions along the Tigris and Euphrates rivers. Ensuing clashes with Kurdish and Iraqi forces left Shiite holy cities like Karbala and Najaf without water. More than 23 million live in the river basin, and experts predict that, because of global warming, the Tigris and Euphrates will “disappear this century,” making conflict over what remains even more tempting if contested political control returns to the Fertile Crescent. State Capacity Evaporates Further, climate change will likely make Middle Eastern governments less capable of handling unrest. First, more frequent weather events will surely put a drag on resource delivery and create new emergency relief needs. In the Middle East where foreign assistance is often critical, donors may have to work double time to continue to fund stabilization and governance projects while also providing more humanitarian disaster aid.
Second, oil producers will have fewer resources as oil receipts contract amid the inevitable global clean energy transition that will accompany climate action. Take the fact that worsening climate change is already driving a global transition toward clean energy. In November 2018, even while pursuing close cooperation with the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), Russian President Vladimir Putin openly declared that “$70 suits us completely,” referring to an ideal oil price for his country. Unlike his Middle Eastern partners, Putin seems to acknowledge that OPEC oil will face market competition from renewables and US shale if it reaches too high a price.
