Answer:
What proteins,DNA, fat and sugar have in common is that they are biomolecules, or organic molecules, which all contain carbon and are necessary for the vital functions of living beings.
Explanation:
The principal biomolecules of living beings are proteins, carbohydrates or sugars, lipids and nucleic acids, such as DNA. All these molecules contain carbon in their composition and have hydrocarbon structures that may also have oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus in their composition.
Each of these biomolecules has a specific function and is indispensable for the development of life:
- <em><u>Proteins</u></em><em>: they are composed of amino acids and participate in the constitution of tissues, metabolic processes and the regulation of organic functions.
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- <em><u>Carbohydrates</u></em><em>: they are the main energy substrate, participating in the metabolism that leads to obtaining ATP.
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- <em><u>Lipids</u></em><em>: they are the main constituent of cell membranes, as well as constituting other organic molecules and being a reserve energy source.
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- <em><u>Nucleic acids</u></em><em>: DNA and RNA participate in the process of storage and transmission of genetic information, being responsible for processes such as the synthesis of proteins and other molecules.
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<u>The characteristics that have in common proteins, DNA, lipids and carbohydrates are their carbon-based composition, being organic molecules and being essential for living beings</u>.
The central nervous system (CNS) of the body, because the nucleus maintains and controls the functions of the cell, and the CNS does that for the body.
Physical exercise preserves bone mass. Measurements of bone biomarkers may reflect the events in bone during exercise. Fifteen healthy, well-trained individuals (7 men and 8 women) performed a running test for 21 min until exhaustion. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 30 min after the exercise to measure the levels of osteocalcin, the carboxyterminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PICP) and the carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP). After exercise, the women had a marked increase in serum osteocalcin concentrations (from 7.5±5.0 μg/1 to 11.5±3.0 μg/1), whereas the level was unaffected in the men (from 14.5±3.0 μg/1 to 13.5±4.6 μg/l). In the men there was a marked increase in PICP (from 240±47 μg/1 to 268±56 μg/1) that was not seen in the women (from 244±70 μg/1 to 253±60 μg/1). In neither group did ICTP levels change. In conclusion, significant responses were seen in PICP and osteocalcin during exercise, indicating that such measurements may be valuable for the further delineation of the effects of physical activity on bone. Furthermore, the different responses in men and women point to interesting areas for future studies.