Rome's rivalry with Carthage for control of the western Mediterranean
Hello!
Mikhail Gorbachev was the last soviet leader. He had the control of the Soviet Union between 1985 and 1991 and started two great reforms:
The perestroika: economics measures to recover the Soviet Union. For example: reduced the investments in military and opened the market gradually.
The glasnost: the "freedom of speech" and government transparency to the people.
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The chief city in Arabia for Arabian merchants is Mecca