It's becasue human populations are concentrated in areas that are lacking proper resources.
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The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone of transition in Africa between the Sahara to the north and the Sudanian Savanna to the south. Having a semi-arid climate, it stretches across the south-central latitudes of Northern Africa between the Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea. Wikipedia
Area: 1.179 million mi²
The Sahel has a tropical, hot steppe climate (Köppen climate classification BSh). The climate is typically hot, sunny, dry and somewhat windy all year long. The Sahel's climate is similar to, but less extreme than, the climate of the Sahara desert located just to the north.
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Great Rift Valley
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The Great Rift Valley is currently in the process of splitting the African plate into two different plates, and it's a divergent boundary, moving the Somalian, Arabian and Nubian plate away.
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Explanation:
The Earth's interior is divided into three major layers. These are the crust, mantle, and the core. The crust is hard and brittle and it extends from the surface of Earth all the way to the Moho. The moho is about 6miles below the seafloor or 22 miles under the surface of the continents. After the moho is the mantle and After the mantle is the core. The mantle is divided from the core by the Gutenberg discontinuity.
