The seasons in the temperate zones occur as a result of the inclination of the Earth.
The Earth is not static. Apart from moving around its own axis, and around the Sun, the Earth is also inclining. This inclination of the Earth results in an uneven distribution of solar radiation throughout the year. When the Earth is inclined toward the Sun, than the temperate zones on the Northern Hemisphere receive more solar radiation, resulting in being summer, while on the Southern Hemisphere it is winter as it gets less solar radiation. When the Earth is inclined away from the Sun, than the temperate zones on the Northern Hemisphere receive less solar radiation, resulting in being winter, while on the Southern Hemisphere it is summer as it is the one inclined toward the Sun. The inclination patterns of the Earth have resulted in the occurrence of seasons in the temperate zones, with the summer being the season when the solar radiation is the strongest, the winter being the season when the solar radiation is the weakest, and the spring and autumn being the transitional phases between the two.
The energy is generated by the semi-molten core of the earth which drives the convection currents in the mantle and which causes the plates to move in plate tectonics. James Hutton was the first geologist to intepret that the plutonic rocks on surface like granite were once molten.
Christianity came first to the continent of Africa in the 1st or early 2nd century AD. Oral tradition says the first Muslims appeared while the prophet Mohammed was still alive (he died in 632). Thus both religions have been on the continent of Africa for over 1,300 years.
