Crusades: resulted largely in a muslim victory. In the following centuries, muslim states would monopolize trade routes in the Eastern Mediterranean and beyond, making it harder for Western European nations to trade with the Middle East and Asia.
Renaissance: at the height of the Renaissance period, shipmaking and navigation innovations allowed Western European nations to send sailors around the globe, looking for alternative trade routes with Asia. The first nations to do so were Spain and Portugal.
Age of Enlightenment: the political ideas of the Age of Enlightenment inspired political leaders back in the Americas, which at the time consisted in colonies dominated by a few European powers. These ideas resulted in revolutions in both North American and South America.
The founder of the Democratic Party was Andrew Jackson, the 7th president. The democratic party came from the Democratic-Republican party, which was founded by Jefferson, Madison, and others.
"b. ending all forms of child labor in industrial settings" was the achievement did the Progressive movement realize in 1913, since they had been rallying for this for a while.
