Answer:
1. False
2. False
3. False
4. True
5. True
Explanation:
1.
Sarbanes-Oxley Act was a federal law that was established by congress to sweep auditing and financial statements for public companies. The main aim for this was to improve the investor confidence by improving reliability in accounting statements. Errors in the financial statements for the public companies were to be minimized following this law especially in the wake of numerous cases of corporate crime. This law was never passed to ensure that investors only invest in companies that will be profitable, since the choice of which company to invest in is exclusively left to the investor. So the above statement is false.
2.
Ethics can be defined as a set of rules and regulation that govern the moral behavior of someone. Ethical standards vary from one region to another since they are majorly cultural, for example; a behavior in the United States can be considered as appropriate while the same behavior in a different place can be inappropriate. Ethical standards are either right or wrong, and the actions are judged on these terms. Ethics don't measure whether a actions are loyal or disloyal, thus the statement is false.
3.
The primary accounting standard setting body in the United States is Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). This body is charged with regulating and setting the best standard of accounting practice. The FASB usually constitutes a board whose officials are rigorously assessed. The board members have to be professionals in the field of accounting. Securities and Exchange Commission on the other hand is an independent federal agency with the authority to enforce federal security laws. Thus the statement above is false.
4.
The historical cost principle suggests that the companies record assets cost at their original cost and continue to report them at their original cost over the time the asset is held. The historical cost principle is a generally accepted accounting principle that has been in use for a long time. The definition about the historical cost principle in the question above is therefor true.
5.
The monetary unit assumption dictates that business related activities be converted to monetary units. There are some business transactions that are however quite difficult to convert into monetary units, therefor the accountant in using this principle is only obliged to record only the transactions that can be measured in money terms. The statement about monetary units in the question above is thus true.
Answer: Option A
Explanation: In simple words, differentiation strategy refers to the strategy in which a firm tries to develop and introduce a unique product that the customers find different from the other products offered by the competitors.
Thus, the emphasis that the company places on the differentiation works for the benefit of the company as it gives the company an easy competitive advantage.
Hence the correct option is A.
Answer:
B. a decrease; a decrease
Explanation:
Substitutes' goods are products that can be consumed in place of each other. If one product is missing, consumers will be ready and willing to buy its substitute. An increase or fall in the price of a good or services will cause the demand for its substitute to move in the opposite direction.
Equilibrium quantity is when supply matches the demand. If the price of Tuna fish decreases, its demand will increase as more customers will afford it. Tuna and chicken are substitutes, should the price of Tuna decrease, customers will prefer to consume Tuna over chicken. Consequently, the demand for chicken will reduce w leading to a decrease in its price.
Answer:
The answer is option "iii) The relative price of yogurt increased"
Explanation:
The budget line is a function of a consumer's budget constraint. With the quantity of one good on the y axis and the quantity of the other good on the x axis, the budget line shows how much of each good the consumer can buy from a defined, limited budget.
In our example, the customer's budget is $20 which mean the customer can buy any combination of goods between the two extreme. One extreme is 10 of Yogurt ($20 budget/$2 Price) while the other extreme is 5 of cereal ($20 budget/$4 price). So the budget line is a downward sloping line from point 10 on the y axis to point 5 on the axis.
Option i) is incorrect since the increase in the price of yogurt would mean that the consumer can buy ONLY less of yogurt. It does not impact the quantity of cereal that he can buy. So the line will rotate downward along the <em><u>y axis</u></em>. The x axis will remain unchanged since the maximum amount of cereal Billy can buy remains unchanged. An outward rotation would occur only if the price of <em><u>cereal decreased</u></em>. This does not happen in this case therefore the line would not rotate outward.
Option ii) is incorrect because the marginal utility. The law of marginal utility states that the utility, or the pleasure, one gets from consuming a good decreases as more and more of the same good is being consumed. This does not happen in this case.
Option iii) is correct. This is called the<em> slope effect</em>. Since the Billy can consume less yogurt (since the price of yogurt increased), the relative price of yogurt increases while the relative price of cereal decreases. Think of relative price of yogurt as the number of units of cereal that Billy would have to forgo to consumer 1 unit of yogurt. Since yogurt has gotten expensive, Billy would have to give up more units of cereal to consumer 1 unit of yogurt.
Answer:
Price=D(1+g)/r-g
Dividend= $10
g=3%
risk premium=4%
Price=$412
Solution:
In order to find the r=cost of equity we undertake the following steps
Price=D(1+g)/r-g
412=10(1+0.03)/r-0.03
r-0.03=10.3/412
r-0.03=0.025
r=0.025+0.03
r=0.055 or 5.5%
risk premium=(market risk -risk free rate)
0.04=(0.055 - risk free rate)
risk free rate =0.015 or 1.5%
as we double the risk premium rate from 4% to 8%
then
market risk will be
risk premium= market risk - risk free rate (unchanged)
8%=market risk - 1.5%
market risk = 9.5%
Using dividend discount model
Price=D(1+g)/r-g
price =10(1+0.03)/0.095-0.03
Price= $158
