Answer:
C. overturn the punitive damage award as grossly excessive
Explanation:
The two components of the direct labour flexible budget variance are the direct labour price variance and the direct labour quantity variance.
<h3>What is direct labour flexible budget?</h3>
To determine how many work hours will be required to create the items listed in the production budget, the direct labour budget is used. The overall number of hours required will be determined by a more intricate direct labour budget, which will also divide this data down by labour type.
Direct labour price variance - The cost of the discrepancy between the expected and actual labour rates is measured by direct labour rate variance. The variance will be deemed unfavourable if it shows that actual labour rates were higher than anticipated labour rates.
Direct labour quantity variance - The cost of the discrepancy between the anticipated number of labour hours needed for the operations and the actual number of labour hours needed for the operations is known as the direct labour efficiency variance.
The labour quantity variance is calculated as-
- The labour price variation is calculated by multiplying the actual hours worked by the actual paid rate, which is then subtracted from the standard budgeted rate.
- The standard rate is multiplied by the difference between the standard hours budgeted and the actual worked hours budgeted to determine the labour quantity variance.
To know more about the flexible-budget variance measures, here
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Two types of costs necessary for a real estate development is hard costs and soft costs.
Answer: Hard costs and Soft costs
<u>Explanation:</u>
For real estate development there are two types of costs - hard costs and soft costs. Hard costs is the expenses incurred directly for physical construction of the building. Soft costs is for the indirect expenses for the construction of the building.
Permanent loans have fixed rate of interests. Construction loan has got fluctuating rate of interests till the time of construction. When the prime rate changes the interest fluctuates which is termed as float.
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Answer:
$44,928,000
Explanation:
The fact that 416,000 received a refund of $3,600 each means that the tax authority would lose the interest income that could have been generated on the total refund amount based on a 3% interest rate of return.
Lost annual income=number of people who got refund*average refund per person*interest rate of return
number of people who got refund=416000
average refund per person=$3,600
the interest rate of return=3%
Lost annual income=416,000*$3,600*3%
Lost annual income=$44,928,000
