<span>the answer is physical boundary</span>
Answer:
West Africa’s Great Kingdoms
For hundreds of years, trade crisscrossed West Africa. For most of that time, West Africans did
not profit much from the Saharan trade because the routes were run by berbers, a group of
people from northern Africa. Eventually, that situation changed. A succession of three great
kingdoms came to power as their people, gained control of valuable trade routes in West Africa.
Ghanawas the first of these empires, followed by the kingdoms of Maliand Songhai.
Explanation:
