Introduction :-)
The <em>amniotic fluid</em> is the protective liquid contained by the <em>amniotic sac</em> of a <em>gravid amniote</em>. This <em>fluid</em> serves as a cushion for the growing <em>fetus</em>, but also serves to facilitate the exchange of nutrients, water, and biochemical products between <em>mother</em> and <em>fetus</em>.
Importance :-)
- <em>It helps to protect the fetus from trauma to the maternal abdomen.</em>
- <em>It cushions the umbilical cord from compression between the fetus and uterus.</em>
- <em>It has antibacterial properties that provide some protection from infection.</em>
- <em>It serves as a reservoir of fluid and nutrients for the fetus.</em>
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Formation :-)
<em>Amniotic fluid </em>is present from the formation of the <em>gestational sac.</em> <em>Amniotic fluid </em>is in the <em>amniotic sac.</em> It is generated from <em>maternal plasma</em>, and passes through the <em>fetal membranes</em> by <em>osmotic</em> and <em>hydrostatic forces</em>. When <em>fetal kidneys</em> begin to function around week 16, <em>fetal urine</em> also contributes to the <em>fluid.</em> In earlier times, it was believed that the <em>amniotic fluid</em> was composed entirely of <em>fetal urine</em>.
The <em>fluid</em> is absorbed through the <em>fetal tissue</em> and <em>skin</em>. After <em>22 to 25 week </em>of<em> pregnancy</em>, <em>fraternization</em> of an <em>embryo's skin</em> occurs. When this process completes around the <em>25th week</em>, the<em> fluid</em> is primarily absorbed by the <em>fetal gut</em> for the remainder of <em>gestation</em>.
<em>Contents :-)</em>
At first, <em>amniotic fluid</em> is mainly water with <em>electrolytes</em>, but by about the <em>12-14th week</em> the <em>liquid</em> also contains <em>proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and phospholipids, and urea</em>, all of which <em>aid</em> in the growth of the <em>fetus</em>.
Hope its helpful :-)
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Answer: Different types of drugs affect your body in different ways, and the effects associated with drugs can vary from person to person. How a drug effects an individual is dependent on a variety of factors including body size, general health, the amount and strength of the drug, and whether any other drugs are in the system at the same time. It is important to remember that illegal drugs are not controlled substances, and therefore the quality and strength may differ from one batch to another
Explanation:
Neisseria gonorrhoeae is treated with a combination of drugs because the organism is resistant to many, including penicillin and fluoroquinolones.
Gonorrhoeae is a contender to produce an incurable illness due to the development or acquisition of resistance mechanisms for sulfonamides, penicillins, tetracyclines, ciprofloxacin, and more recently azithromycin and ceftriaxone during the past 80 years.
The Neisseria gonorrhoeae bacteria is the source of the sexually transmitted illness (STD) known as gonorrhea. The urethra in both men and women as well as the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes in women are all affected by N. gonorrhoeae infection.
Penicillin is the first drug that has been shown to be effective against syphilis and gonorrhea. However, compared to the dosage required to treat syphilis, which is often approximately 1,000,000 units, the drug used to treat gonorrhea is frequently administered in doses of just around 100,000 units.
Learn more about Neisseria gonorrhoeae at
brainly.com/question/28265903?referrer=searchResults
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Answer:
Conversion of alcohols to alkenes: R-CH2-CHOH-R → R-CH=CH-R + H2O
Conversion of carboxylic acids to acid anhydrides 2 RCO2H → (RCO)2O + H2O
Explanation:
Dehydration
In chemistry, a dehydration reaction is one that involves the loss of water. In organic synthesis, where an acid is often used as a catalyst, there are numerous examples of dehydration reactions: Conversion of alcohols to ethers: 2 R-OH → R-O-R + H2O Conversion of alcohols to alkenes: R-CH2-CHOH-R → R-CH=CH-R + H2O Conversion of carboxylic acids to acid anhydrides 2 RCO2H → (RCO)2O + H2O Conversion of amides to nitriles: RCONH2 → R-CN + H2O
Sources:
Klein Organic Chemistry. 2th edition
Mcmurry's Organic Chemistry. 9th edition.