Question

To not side with one country or another during a dispute

Answer 1

Dispute settlement is the central pillar of the multilateral trading system, and the WTO unique contribution to the stability of the global economy. Without a  means  of  settling  disputes,  the  rules-based  system  would  be  less  effective because the rules could not be enforced. The WTO procedure underscores the rule of law, and it makes the trading system more secure and predictable. The system is based on clearly-defined rules, with timetables for completing a case. First rulings are  made  by  a  panel  and  endorsed  (or  rejected)  by  the  WTO’s  full  membership. Appeals based on points of law are possible. However, the point is not to pass judgement. The priority is to settle disputes, through consultations if possible. By January 2008, only about 136 of the 369 cases had reached the  full  panel  process.  Most  of  the  rest  have  either  been  notified  as  settled  “out  of court” or remain in a prolonged consultation phase — some since 1995.