Transport of materials along a concentration gradient from high to low concentrations is called passive transport
The layer is called the Lithosphere, it is just below the crust.
Hope this helps ^_^
That answer is actually true
Hello, BellaBouye205. Your answer would be Kurt Lewin. In the later years of his life, he devoted his time to studying small social groups. He claimed that groups change people's behaviorally as an individual. He also said that the small groups flourished greatly whenever they were preformed in a democratic way. I hope I helped!! Have a great evening.