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Fed [463]
3 years ago
8

A construção do conhecimento pode ser dividida em dois grandes eixos, isto é, o conhecimento produzido a partir do chamado senso

comum, e o conhecimento produzido a partir das ciências. Sobre as características dessas duas experiências de construção e transmissão do conhecimento, avalie em falsas ou verdadeiras as afirmações abaixo e, em seguida, assinale a alternativa correta.
1) O conhecimento a partir do senso comum é produzido por experiências e trocas sociais e culturais dos homens, levando em conta o meio em que eles vivem.

2) O conhecimento científico impôs a necessidade de métodos e procedimentos para sua produção e validade.

3) Dadas as diferenças no modo de produzir o conhecimento, o senso comum possui menor importância em relação ao cientificismo.
Social Studies
2 answers:
worty [1.4K]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Sources from which I proceeded to develop this way of thinking, They are both

historical and biographical sources and can be summarily described by the headings:

(1) Language, (2) the work of the skeptics from the beginnings of Western History,

(3) a key concept of Darwin’s theory of evolution and, (4) Cybernetics.

About thirty years ago, Heinz von Foerster noticed an inherent quality of the

nervous system (and almost everybody believes that human beings must be viewed as

nervous systems when one focuses on cognition): The signals that are sent from

sensory elements to the cortex are all the same. This had been discovered by Johannes

Müller around the middle of the last century, but von Foerster was, as far as I know,

the first to emphasize its epistemological implications.

He called this “undifferentiated coding”.1 What this means is that if a neuron in

the retina sends a “visual” signal to the cortex, this signal has exactly the same form as

the signals that come from the ears, from the nose, from fingers or toes, or any other

signal-generating part of the organism. There is no qualitative distinction between any

of these signals. They all vary in frequency and amplitude, but there is no qualitative

indication of what they are supposed to mean.

It was a very baffling observation. It has since been confirmed by Humberto

Maturana in the field of color vision, where he has shown that the receptors which are

supposed to sense red – or what physicists think of as the kind of light waves we call

red – send signals that are in no way different from the ones that sense green. If we

are able to distinguish them, the distinctions must be made in the cortex. Yet, they

cannot be made on the basis of simple qualitative differences, because there are no

such differences.2 It is therefore unwarranted to maintain that we distinguish things

because we receive “information” from what we usually call the outside world.

From the epistemological point of view, this is earth-shaking. Yet if you look

through the contemporary literature of psychology and especially the psychology of

perception, one finds practically no reference to it.

Free_Kalibri [48]3 years ago
8 0

hahahahahahahahahahahahaha

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