Answer:
The correct answer is A. The Bretton Woods system ended in 1971.
Explanation:
The Bretton Woods system was a fixed exchange rate system in which the exchange rate for countries' currencies against the US dollar was fixed. From 1945 to 1971, it regulated exchange rates for member countries of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
In July 1944, an international conference was held in the small town of Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, with participants from 44 nations. It was decided to set up the International Monetary Fund and the Bretton Woods system, the latter being used until the early 1970s.
The agreement meant that the member countries joined a fixed exchange rate system, which set the exchange rate for the country's currency against the US dollar. Instead, the US guaranteed a fixed redemption price of the dollar in gold. Exchange rate changes were made only to adjust for "basic imbalances" in the balance of payments. In practice, the agreement meant an end to repeated and drastic devaluations of local currencies in search of competitiveness in the export market. Earlier currency restrictions could also be lifted, with the result that international trade could increase.
The system was aborted in 1971, when the United States decided to no longer guarantee the dollar value with a fixed redemption price in gold, called the "Nixon shock". By then, the United States had already let the dollar exchange rate float in 1968. The reasons were, among other things, in the extremely costly Vietnam War for the United States. The result was that other currencies with previously fixed exchange rates also floated. The Bretton Woods system formally ceased in 1973, after vain attempts to stabilize key currencies.
Answer: B- Excellent military leaders
Answer:
He saved the American Economy and led to the establishment of the Federal Reserve.
Explanation:
JP Morgan was a businessman with contacts and investments in many different industries. These contacts, and his wealth, allowed him to wield huge control over the financial industry. This resulted in two big events. Firstly, there was the Gold Crisis of 1895. The US Treasury nearly ran out of gold and Morgan persuaded the president to use an old law to buy gold off him (And the rockefellers). This stabalised the American Dollar and averted crisis. A similar thing happened in 1907. Major New York banks were on the verge of collapse and Morgan held a meeting at his mansion where he forced the New York finaciers to come up with a plan. This they diid and the federal government saved the banks. Morgan also used his controlling interest in US Steel to buy the stock of a competitor whos stock was casuing a brokerage firm to collapse. Despite the anti trust legislation he purchased the stock, This restored confidence in the banking system and ensured the crisis was over.
More importantly, the event made the government realise that they couldnt rely on there always being a wealthy indiividual like Morgan to save the day should there be another crisis. This lead to the creation of the Federal Reserve System in 1913. This was a joint effort of a team of banking and political leaders, led by Senator Nelson Aldrich.
Answer:
where are the choices?
Explanation:
post it so any one will see
Answer:
Ancient codes, or sets of laws, have been written down since around 2000 BC. Many of these laws were harsh and would be seen as barbaric compared to our current laws, but many of them were actually just as compassionate and fair, and sometimes moreso, than the laws we have now like Animal Rights,Nobody Is Above The Law, Equal Justice Under The Law and Sicut Judaeis (Constitution For The Jews).
Explanation:
