It is false that qualifiers are words like every, never, sometimes, and usually. These are conjunctions, not qualifiers.
Sentence b does not use an adverb clause
Which is the best sufficiently narrowed topic for a response to literature?
The swans in Yeats's "The Wild Swans at Coole" symbolize the speaker's youth.
The other options are either too broad or too vague.
Expository paragraphs should be clear and be concise. This is because they should be brief, get to the point and explain the point, and then wrap up.