Yur answer is 8 hope it helped
The accumulation of several mutations in the main gene on the virus's surface may be able to give H7N9 the ability to spread like human flu viruses do, passing from person to person through coughing and sneezing.
Parents (phenotype - phyical expression of a trait O+) would both have to be genotype (genetic makeup of a trait) O+-
Answer: Acetyl-CoA
Explanation:
Acetyl-CoA can be obtained from the pyruvate, the end product of aerobic glycolysis. Also, Acetyl-CoA is the one of the starting materials of citric acid cycle.
For lipid synthesis, biotin carries activated CO2 that is incorporated into acetyl-CoA to form Malonyl-CoA, which is then elongated to yield various lipids of different length.
Thus, Acetyl-CoA is the building block of lipid synthesis
Answer:
Cytokines made by other innate cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells
Explanation:
Innate Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on Dendritic cells and macrophages sense and respond to PAMPs and produce cytokines. Cytokines start the innate immune response.
The cytokines are produced in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as peptidoglycan monomers or CpG sequences on bacterial and viral genomes. Cytokines produced in response to pathogen receptors on cell surfaces, such as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, chemokines and type I interferons that act on leukocytes so as to promote and control early inflammatory responses.
