Answer: Option (B) is correct.
Explanation:
The nominal GDP is equal to the real GDP in the base year, that's why GDP deflator in the base year is equal to 100.
GDP deflator is calculated as the nominal GDP divided by the real GDP multiply by 100. It is shown as:
GDP deflator = 
GDP deflator would be used as the conversion factor that transformed the real GDP into nominal GDP.
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Answer:
The correct answers are:
1. Actor, writer, musician : entertainment.
2. Dietician, optician : health care.
3. Litigator, paralegal, attorney : legal industry
Explanation:
Industries dedicated to consumer service are those whose product is directed directly to a consumer, and not to a company.
The product they offer is a service, and not a material good.
These industries will have professionals or people specialized in the subject who will be in charge of offering and selling this product.
That is what we see in the examples.
The health industry will offer services dedicated to health, therefore it will have professionals dedicated to this field.
The legal industry will have services dedicated to legal issues such as a lawyer, a litigator, etc.
And the entertainment industry will be dedicated to shows, this is where actors, musicians or writers come in.
1) Town of Bayport:
We have that the residents value the fireworks at
a total of 50+100+300=450$. That is the utility they gain. But they
would also have to pay 360$ for the fireworks. The total outcome is
450$+(-360$)=90$. Hence, the outcome is positive and the fireworks pass
the cost benefit analysis.
If the fireworks' cost is to be split
equally, we have that each of the 3 residents has to pay 360/3=120$. Let
us now do the cost-benefit analysis for everyone.
Jacques stands to gain 50$ from the fireworks but would have to pay 120$. He will vote against it.
Also, Kyoko will gain 100$ but would have to pay 120$. He will lose utility/money from this so he will vote against.
Musashi on the other hand, would gain 300$ and only pay 120$. He is largely benefitted by this measure. Only he would
We have that 2 out of the 3 would vote against the fireworks, so that the fireworks will not be bought. The vote does not yield the same answer as the benefit-cost analysis.
2) Town of River Heights:
We have that the total value of the fireworks to the community
is 20+140+160=320$. The total value of the fireworks is lower than
their cost so their cost benefit analysis yields that they should not be
bought.
However, let's see what each resident says. The cost to each resident is 360/3=120$. Rina is against the fireworks since she will only gain 20$. Sean and Yvette are for the fireworks since they gain 140$ and 160$ respectively, which are larger than the cost of the fireworks to each of them (120$). Hence, 2 will vote for the fireworks and one will vote against and fireworks will be bought.
Again, the vote clashes with the cost-benefit analysis.
3) The first choice is wrong. It is very difficult for a government to provide the exact types of public goods that everyone wants because that would be too costly; one cannot have a public good that everyone pays for so that only a couple of people enjoy it. In our example, we saw that in every case, a public good and its production would have sime supporters and some adversaries.
Majority rule is not always the most efficient way to decide public goods; as we have seen in the second case, the cost-benefit analysis yields that the fireworks are not worth it but they are approved by the majority nonetheless.
The final sentence is correct. The differing preferences of the people make a clearcut choice impossible and the government has to take into account various tradeoffs and compromises in order to determine which public goods to provide.
Answer:
A) to calculate the break even point we can use the following:
break even point = fixed costs / contribution margin
break even point = 125,000 / (9 - 6.5) = 125,000 / 2.5 = 50,000 units
The company must sell over 50,000 units to make a profit
B) if the unit production costs increase 10%, the new unit cost will be $7.15, and the new break even point will be: 125,000 / (9 - 7.15) = 125,000 / 1.85 = 67,567.6 which we round up to 67,568 units.
Now the company must sell at least 67,568 units to make a profit
C) If the company wants to increase its product price to a level where the break even point is 50,000 units, then the new price should be $9.65.
The contribution margin must be $2.5, so if the production costs are $7.15, we just add $2.5 to get $9.65 per unit.
