The events that took place or for short, "the events" is the direct object of your sentence.
The last answer to the question (d)
Answer:
Subordinate clause
Explanation:
The clause "when he was first observed" is a subordinate clause
Either C or D I would say. Compared it to steel and plastic, but also related it to using slaves to get the sugar
Answer:
Massachusetts Bay
Explanation:
The Puritans established the colony of Massachusetts Bay in 1630. They hoped to purify the Church of England, and then return to Europe with a new and improved religion. The Puritans had left England because they didn't agree with the Church of England and they wanted to practice their own faith.