What process is described in the following diagram? (2 points) Two pyruvate molecules are converted to two ethyl alcohol molecul
es and two carbon dioxide molecules. In the process, two NADPH molecules are converted to two NAD+ molecules. Krebs cycle Fermentation Glycolysis Electron transport chain
2 answers:
Answer: Fermentation
In the process of fermentation the 2 pyruvate molecules are converted into two carbon dioxide molecules. In the process of two NADPH molecules are converted into two NAD+ molecules. These NADPH are the result of breakdown of a glucose molecule(glycolysis) which includes release of two ATPs.
There are three fate of pyruvate molecule that is a product of glycolysis reaction.
1- aerobic( krebs cycle)
2-anaerobic microbes( fermentation)
3- anaerobic vertebrates ( lactate formation)
The conversion of pyruvate molecules in to two carbon dioxide is anaerobic process( occurs in microorganisms).
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During many epidemics, <u>healthcare </u>professionals emphasize the importance of community mitigation strategies, such as wearing masks, frequent hand-washing, and social distancing because these strategies help <u>reduce </u><u>transmission </u><u>even when drug-based treatments and vaccines are unavailable.</u>
It is of <u>vital </u>importance in cases of epidemics to implement strategies such as:
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in order to better protect our communities and ourselves.
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About the question:
You will find the pedigree in the attached files
Answer:
- individual 4 → Affected woman → Black circle
- individual 5 → Affected woman or man → Black circle or square
- individual 7 → Healthy woman → Empty circle
- individual 10 → Affected boy → Black Square
Explanation:
Mitochondrial inheritance is the transmission of a disease or a trait from the maternal line.
<em>Most of the DNI is in the nucleus, but there is also DNI in mitochondria. Sperm cells hardly transfer mitochondrial genes to the progeny</em>, so mitochondrial DNI is mostly inherited from the maternal side. If there exists any mutation in this mitochondrial DNI, the whole progeny of the mutated woman will be affected, as they will get the mother genotype carrying the mutation. On the contrary, if an affected man is carrying a mutation in mitochondrial DNI, non of their descendants will get the disease.
Before answering the question, let us remember the pedigree symbols.
- Squares represent Males/Men
- Circles represent Females/Women
- Empty symbols represent healthy/non-affected individuals
- Solid black symbols represent sick/affected individuals
In the exposed pedigree, we can see that the mother is affected by the disease (individual number 2), so all her children are also affected (individuals 4, 5, and 6) because the <em>disease is mitochondrially inherited</em>.
Individual 3 is a healthy man, so individual 4 must be an affected woman (Black circle). As she is the one affected, then all her children will also be affected. This couple <em>had one boy and two girls</em>. Individuals 8 and 9 are girls (circle), so individual 10 must be the affected boy (black square).
On the other hand, individual 6 is an affected man (black square), son of individuals 1 and 2. This man couples with a woman, and they have all healthy children. So this woman (individual 7) must be healthy. Even though the man is affected, all their children are not because their mother (7) is not. Remember that sperm cells do not transmit the mitochondrial genes to the progeny.
And finally, individual number 5 might be either a man or a woman. In any case, this person is also affected by Leigh's disease.
