Self-confidence is considered one of the most influential motivators and regulators of behavior in people's everyday lives (Bandura, 1986). A growing body of evidence suggests that one's perception of ability or self-confidence is the central mediating construct of achievement strivings (e.g., Bandura, 1977; Ericsson et al., 1993; Harter, 1978; Kuhl, 1992; Nicholls, 1984). Ericsson and his colleagues have taken the position that the major influence in the acquisition of expert performance is the confidence and motivation to persist in deliberate practice for a minimum of 10 years.
Self-confidence is not a motivational perspective by itself. It is a judgment about capabilities for accomplishment of some goal, and, therefore, must be considered within a broader conceptualization of motivation that provides the goal context. Kanfer (1990a) provides an example of one cognitively based framework of motivation for such a discussion. She suggests that motivation is composed of two components: goal choice and self-regulation. Self-regulation, in turn, consists of three related sets of activities: self-monitoring, self-evaluation, and self-reactions. Self-monitoring provides information about current performance, which is then evaluated by comparing that performance with one's goal. The comparison between performance and goal results in two distinct types of self-reactions: self-satisfaction or -dissatisfaction and self-confidence expectations. Satisfaction or dissatisfaction is an affective response to past actions; self-confidence expectations are judgments about one's future capabilities to attain one's goal. This framework allows a discussion of self-confidence as it relates to a number of motivational processes, including setting goals and causal attributions.
Answer:
The Dollar sales break even for the company is $568750, for the north region is $320000 and for the south region is $80000.
Explanation:
1. for the company:
cont margin ration = contribution/sale
= 240000/750000
= 0.32
fixed cost = 182000
dollar sales break even = fixed cost/cont margin ratio
= 182000/0.32
= $568750
2. for the north region:
cont margin ration = contribution/sale
= 120000/600000
= 0.20
fixed cost = 64000
dollar sales break even = fixed cost/cont margin ratio
= 64000/0.20
= $320000
3. for the south region:
cont margin ration = contribution/sale
= 120000/150000
= 0.80
fixed cost = 64000
dollar sales break even = fixed cost/cont margin ratio
= 64000/0.80
= $80000
Therefore, The Dollar sales break even for the company is $568750, for the north region is $320000 and for the south region is $80000.
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Answer:
$45,000
Explanation:
Computation for the projected benefit obligation
December 31 PBO($278,000)
December 31 Plan assets 233,000
Funded status($45,000)
Therefore the projected benefit obligation was underfunded at the end of 2021 by: $45,000
Answer:
Explanation:
For each transaction, you add to the previous balance to keep a running total.