Answer: Food surpluses provided enough resources to supply larger populations.
Explanation:
With the domestication of plants and animals, the earlier societies were able to make more food for themselves than hunting and gathering supplied. This led to them being able to maintain larger populations that would have died out earlier due to a lack of food.
For instance, it is estimated that before the domestication of plants and animals, humans numbered between 6 and 10 million people but 10,000 years after the domestication, the human population numbered about 250 million showing the influence the domestication had.
This is a complex question that I cannot really explain easily. I can give you some hints though.
It is difficult to say Machiavelli was right or wrong with what he was saying. We have to put his words into the context of Italy, Europe in those times which lead him to say what he did. Had he lived today, chances are he would say something else. Or not.
Furthermore, I wouldn't say we can always expect our political leaders to be virtuous and effective (although this would be great) but it often happens that through cunning and strategy some get to top positions and aren't really suitable for them.
It should be
A. Religious views
And
B. Political views
Explanation:
Empowering the police to monitor citizens at all times
The first police shortly created after the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, would be an instrument to be used in a totalitarian command
The secret police of Stalin NKVD was a force that drew later under Stalin the totalitarian policy most scandalous for carrying out Stalin's Purges.
The secret police was mostly used for securing that Stalin would stay in power indefinitely,
The alleged national security and their aims were far beyond and contributed for cruel work camps, famines and social engineering.
They wanted to create conditions for a new socialist system to born.
Stalin also used the NKVD for eliminating close people to him when he became suspicious.
Periodically he will use systematically "cleaning lists" for setting a quota of people to be killed.
