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The Mongol invasions of Japan (元寇 Genkō), which took place in 1274 and 1281, were major military efforts undertaken by Kublai Khan to conquer the Japanese archipelago after the submission of Goryeo (Korea) to vassaldom. Ultimately a failure, the invasion attempts are of macro-historical importance because they set a limit on Mongol expansion and rank as nation-defining events in the history of Japan.
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The Black Death was a devastating global epidemic of bubonic plague that struck Europe and Asia in the mid-1300s. The plague arrived in Europe in October 1347, when 12 ships from the Black Sea docked at the Sicilian port of Messina. People gathered on the docks were met with a horrifying surprise: Most sailors aboard the ships were dead, and those still alive were gravely ill and covered in black boils that oozed blood and pus. Sicilian authorities hastily ordered the fleet of “death ships” out of the harbor, but it was too late: Over the next five years, the Black Death would kill more than 20 million people in Europe—almost one-third of the continent’s population.
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Some theory argues that the Olmec civilization, had a dominant influence on the development of the Maya.
The development of the Olmec civilization, given after the period between 1500 and 1200 BC, occurred thanks to the improvement of these agricultural techniques, so they could overcome the hostilities of the environment and sustain large populations. From this development framework, the expansion of the occupied areas and the emergence of urban centers took place gradually.
San Lorenzo city began to decline, the city of La Venta became the most bustling center of Olmec culture. Until the fourth century BC, this city had great importance for such a civilization. After that, perhaps due to the action of great climatic transformations, this region was uninhabited until the definitive extinction of the Olmec people.
