Answer:
C: Lipid A
Explanation:
Lipid A is a component of the endotoxin (also called the lipopolysaccharide) present in Gram-negative bacteria. The LPS has 3 component namely;
- the O-antigen: they are antigenic determinants and are the outer carbohydrate chains
- the core polysaccharide: forms the centre core of the LPS
- The Lipid A: forms the innermost part of the LPS and triggers acute inflammatory responses (e.g endotoxic shock) when released.
Upon detection of an endotoxin which forms the component of the outer membrane of a Gram negative organism (in exception to the Gram-positive bacteria called <em>Listeria monocytogenes</em>), the innate immune defense system (e.g macrophages and T-helper cells) are alerted to initiate elimination strategies towards the invading organism. Lipid A binds to the CD14/MD2 receptor on macrophages and monocytes which activates the nuclear factor kappa- light chain enhancer (NF-κβ). The activation of NF-κβ protein triggers the production of inflammatory cytokines which includes Interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-12, IL-18 as well as the Tumor necrosis factor- alpha (TNF-α).
Inflammatory responses are as a result of the release of these cytokines which sometimes leads to shock and death of the host
The pigments found in spinach are:
Betalains Xanthophylls Chlorophyll a & bAnthocyanins Pheophytin a & bCarotenes
The pigment found in Hbiscus leaf is:
daphniphylline
The pigment found in purple cabbage is:
Anthocyanins
chlorophyll
carotenoids
The pigment found in green letuce is:
chlorophyll
carotenes
Answer:
no
Explanation:
there are different nutrients then when its actually fully grown
Typically higher than a clear night
