D. A historian reads a journal entry by a pilgrim.
It was the "Open Door Policy" that was the name of the trading policy that Secretary of State John Hay initiated with China and the European nations that already had a presence there, since the US wanted to benefit from trade with China as well.
The main difference was Monotheism. Judaism, unlike other earlier religions from the Middle East, worshiped one god. In ancient times, when Judaism arose, the prevailing religions in the region were Assyro-Babylonian religion and the Canaanite religions, that used to worship many gods and, in some cases, were more consistent in worshiping one particular god above others.
Other concepts totally new in South East Asia that Judaism brought was the idea of being a chosen people by God and the Messianism, this is the concept of a divine message sent to the people of God through messengers or prophets.
Answer:
Thomas Hobbes, an English philosopher and scientist, was one of the key figures in the political debates of the Enlightenment period. Despite advocating the idea of absolutism of the sovereign, he developed some of the fundamentals of European liberal thought.
Hobbes was the first modern philosopher to articulate a detailed social contract theory that appeared in his 1651 work Leviathan. In it, Hobbes set out his doctrine of the foundation of states and legitimate governments and creating an objective science of morality.
Hobbes argued that in order to avoid chaos, which he associated with the state of nature, people accede to a social contract and establish a civil society.
One of the most influential tensions in Hobbes’ argument is a relation between the absolute sovereign and the society. According to Hobbes, society is a population beneath a sovereign authority, to whom all individuals in that society cede some rights for the sake of protection. Any power exercised by this authority cannot be resisted because the protector’s sovereign power derives from individuals’ surrendering their own sovereign power for protection.
Hobbes also included a discussion of natural rights in his moral and political philosophy. While he recognized the inalienable rights of the human, he argued that if humans wished to live peacefully, they had to give up most of their natural rights and create moral obligations, in order to establish political and civil society.
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