The Five Ws are questions whose answers are essential in information gathering, problem solving, journalism, research, and police examinations. The principle of the Five Ws is that any report has to answer these questions in order to be considered complete.
"Who" refers to the person the sentence is about. deals with identifying the various actors and players in a solution.
"What" refers to the situation that is being descripted, and "Why" to the reasons behind it.
"When" and "where" refer to the time and location of the event.
