Answer:
The generality of Article III of the Constitution raised questions that Congress had to address in the Judiciary Act of 1789. These questions had no easy answers, and the solutions to them were achieved politically. The First Congress decided that it could regulate the jurisdiction of all Federal courts, and in the Judiciary Act of 1789, Congress established with great particularity a limited jurisdiction for the district and circuit courts, gave the Supreme Court the original jurisdiction provided for in the Constitution, and granted the Court appellate jurisdiction in cases from the Federal circuit courts and from the state courts where those courts rulings had rejected Federal claims. The decision to grant Federal courts a jurisdiction more restrictive than that allowed by the Constitution represented a recognition by the Congress that the people of the United States would not find a full-blown Federal court system palatable at that time.
For nearly all of the next century the judicial system remained essentially as established by the Judiciary Act of 1789. Only after the country had expanded across a continent and had been torn apart by civil war were major changes made. A separate tier of appellate circuit courts created in 1891 removed the burden of circuit riding from the shoulders of the Supreme Court justices, but otherwise left intact the judicial structure.
Explanation:
i hope this helps
Answer:
That's nice, but there's no question to answer?
Explanation:
If you edit and post the question, I'd be happy to try and answer it
Answer:
One of the earliest “hot spots” in the Cold War was in the European city of Berlin, Germany. This was due to the Berlin blockade by the Soviet Union in 1948.
Explanation:
The Berlin blockade went from June 23, 1948 to May 12, 1949, during which the western sectors of Berlin were supplied from the air by the Berlin Airlift.
On June 20, 1948, the Western Allies - after unsuccessful consultations with the Soviet Union - carried out a monetary reform in the western occupation zones of Germany (which, according to the original plans, was not to apply to Berlin due to its quadruple status). On 23 June, monetary reform was also carried out in the Soviet occupation zone, and the new eastern mark was to apply to the western sectors of Berlin as well: to achieve the financial and economic tying of the western sectors to the Soviet zone. The Western Allies therefore introduced the Western Mark in their Berlin sectors as well.
On the night of June 23 to 24, the Soviet command in Berlin responded by cutting off electricity supplies to the western sectors and, a few hours later, closing all land and water access roads. Initially, the Allies were not even united in their future policy towards Berlin. Eventually, the American military governor of the city, Lucius D. Clay, gave the order to establish an air bridge (air corridors were not blocked).
Almost a year later, when it was clear that the blockade would not achieve its original purpose of annexing the Western sector to Eastern Germany, the transit connection to Berlin was reopened on May 12, 1949, and traffic began to move back to the roads. The air bridge was officially closed on September 30 of the same year.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
im not positive I could be wrong
