Physical bullying and harassment.. but that’s not in your question so just the first.
The answer is:
A. understand that managing the moon landing while the lunar module had 30 seconds left of fuel required intense concentration.
In the excerpts the narrator mentions the lunar module had 30 seconds left of fuel, so the people who were in charge of the moon landing could not make a mistake, a miscalculation or lose their extraordinary focus. For example, one of the narrators states the men "could not afford to be wrong." Otherwise, the mission could have failed.
The answer is
2.research skills
Chekhov uses language to show the change in the lawyer's outlook on life by making the lawyer's diction gloomier.