1639
Explanation:
Descartes began work on Meditations on First Philosophy in 1639. Through Mersenne, Descartes solicited criticism of his Meditations from amongst the most learned people of his day, including Antoine Arnauld, Peirre Gassendi, and Thomas Hobbes.
Not sure how to answer this but hope this helps!
Specifically The three major religions in Europe are Christianity, unaffiliated and Islam.
Overall in Europe 47 percent of Christians are Roman Catholic, 18 percent are Protestants, and 35 percent are Orthodox (Rubenstein 2019, p. 140). Christianity is the most popular religion in Europe because of the establishment of the Roman Catholic Church. Europe was one of the first places the followers of Jesus traveled to spread his views.
They built churches and converted kings and emperors to these beliefs (Medievalists.net 2015).
The Nullification Crisis of 1832 centered around d) southern opposition to tariffs. "The Nullification Crisis was a sectional crisis in 1832-33, during the presidency of Andrew Jackson, which involved a confrontation between South Carolina and the federal government. The crisis ensued after South Carolina declared that the federal Tariffs of 1828 and 1832 were unconstitutional and therefore null and void within the sovereign boundaries of the state."
Answer:
c, but hard to answer with some of the info not all shown.
Explanation: