Plants’ nonspecific immune responses includes cell-surface receptors (pattern recognition proteins) which allow them to identify certain patterns characteristic for pathogens. Activated receptors trigger the production of chemical signals that may initiate both local and systemic defense responses. Sometimes when a plant is affected by infection, it triggers rapid localized programmed cell death to stop the infection further. When it comes to defense form the herbivores, plants have physical barriers (plant cell walls and their extensions), some antibiotic compounds (phytoalexins), and even enzymes that can defend them.
Answer: 1. B-D-A-C.
Explanation: If a genetic error occurs during chromosome replication, it will lead to a series of events ranging from:
1) Production of a DNA strand with an altered base sequence.
2) Production of an mRNA strand with an altered base sequence during transcription. This is because mRNA is synthesized by copying the genetic message coded in the DNA.
3). Synthesis of a protein with an altered amino acid sequence during translation, and this eventually leads to
4). The expression of a new inheritable trait in the organism.
Answer:
Plant cells have a cell wall, as well as a cell membrane.
Explanation:
In plants, the cell wall surrounds a cell membrane. This gives the plant cell its unique or rectangular shape. animal cells simply have a cell membrane, but no cell wall.
Answer:
Toucans disperse seeds of key forest species such as juçara palms by eating the fruit and defecating the seeds in new locations, sometimes more than a kilometer away. If there are no toucans, is the genetic diversity of palms likely to increase or decrease within forest fragments (and why)?
The genetic diversity of palm will totally decrease as a result of absence of Toucans dispersal of palms seeds which would not allow the seeds to be randomly grown anywhere. Dispersal has great impact on biodiversity of fruits because it enables the distribution of seeds to be grown everywhere
Explanation:
Answer:
The cognitive abilities of an individual to learn from experience, to reason well, and to cope effectively with the demands of daily living
Explanation:
Intelligence is something that can actually be measured, even though it is not a physical, but a psychological trait. The humans had wanted to be able to measure their intelligence for quite some time, but that only became possible with the development of the modern psychology and the test specially created for this purpose. The intelligence represents the cognitive abilities of an individual to learn from experiences, how well can it reason, as well as to cope effectively with the demands of the daily living. To put it more simple, it is the ability of an individual to acquire and apply skills and knowledge in its life.
