Answer:
D i think sorry if its wrong ;-;
Some of the key terms in community ecology are Intraspecific Interaction, interspecific interaction, competitive exclusion, mutualism.
<h3>
What is community ecology?</h3>
- Community ecology aims to provide solutions to these and other community-related concerns.
- An ecological community is a collection of organisms that coexist or may coexist in a given area. Communities are connected by a shared environment and a web of relationships between the many species.
- An ever-expanding and comprehensive area of ecology is community ecology. Ecologists look at the variables that affect species distribution, community structure, and biodiversity. Interactions with the abiotic environment and the wide variety of interactions that take place between species are two examples of these elements.
- The foundation of the majority of community ecology study is species interactions, such as competition, predation, herbivory, parasitism, and mutualism.
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I would say C.
I hope this helps.
The deer eat grass. Its droppings, which eventually decompose into the ground, provide minerals and vitamins to the plant roots. This food is vital for it so the plant remains alive and can produce oxygen which is essential for the deer and grass is also a food source for him too.
Portal blood vessels connect two capillary beds found in the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary.
So, the correct option is C.
<h3>Hypothalamus-Pituitary Complex:</h3>
- The "command center" of the endocrine system is assumed to be the hypothalamus-pituitary complex.
- In addition to hormones that directly affect target tissues, this complex also secretes hormones that control the production and release of hormones from other glands.
- Furthermore, the hypothalamus-pituitary complex controls the communications between the nervous and endocrine systems.
- The hypothalamus-pituitary complex is frequently necessary for the translation of a stimulus into hormones that can start a reaction after it is received by the neurological system.
- Additionally, the pituitary gland (also known as the hypophysis), a bean-shaped organ hung from the hypothalamus by a stem called the infundibulum (or pituitary stalk), is physically and functionally connected to the hypothalamus.
- The sella turcica of the sphenoid bone of the skull serves as a cradle for the pituitary gland.
- It has two lobes, the posterior pituitary (also known as the neurohypophysis), which is made of neural tissue, and the anterior pituitary (also known as the adenohypophysis), which is made of glandular tissue.
<h3>Anterior Pituitary:</h3>
- The embryonic anterior pituitary develops from the gastrointestinal tract and moves toward the brain as the fetus grows.
- The pars tuberalis is a thin "tube" that wraps around the infundibulum, the pars distalis is the most anterior, and the pars intermedia is next to the posterior pituitary.
- Neurons secrete hormones from the hypothalamus, but blood arteries transport them to the anterior pituitary.
- There is a capillary bridge that links the anterior pituitary and hypothalamus inside the infundibulum.
- The hypophyseal portal system is the network that enables the delivery of hypothalamic hormones directly to the anterior pituitary without first passing via the systemic circulation.
- The superior hypophyseal artery, a branch of the carotid arteries that carries blood to the hypothalamus, serves as the system's initial point.
- The hypophyseal portal system is made up of the superior hypophyseal artery's branches.
- The portal veins deliver hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones into the anterior pituitary via a main capillary plexus.
- Anterior pituitary hormones enter a secondary capillary plexus in reaction to hormones being released, and from there, drain into the blood circulation.
- In the anterior pituitary, seven hormones are produced.
- Separate hormones produced by the hypothalamus either promote or suppress the anterior pituitary's capacity to produce hormones.
- The hypophyseal portal system is the route by which hormones from the hypothalamus get to the anterior pituitary.
- Seven hormones are produced by the anterior pituitary.
- Beta endorphin,
- prolactin,
- thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH),
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH),
- growth hormone (GH),
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and
- luteinizing hormone (LH).
- Because they regulate the activity of other endocrine glands, the anterior pituitary hormones TSH, ACTH, FSH, and LH are together known as tropic hormones.
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