Cellular respiration
The equation is
glucose + oxygen —> ATP(usable energy) + carbon dioxide + water
The question is incomplete. The complete question is as follows:
Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?
A) a duplication of all or most introns
B) a large inversion whose ends are each in intergenic regions
C) a nucleotide substitution in an exon coding for a transmembrane domain
D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
E) a frameshift mutation one codon away from the 3' end of the nontemplate strand
Answer: D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
Explanation:
Deletion or insertion of a single nucleotide in an axon coding for an active site is called frameshift mutation.
The sequence of codons is read during translation, in order to synthesize a amino acids chain and form a protein from the nucleotide sequence. Frameshift mutations occur when the usual codon sequence is broken by the deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides. For example, if only one nucleotide is removed from the axon sequence during the RNA splicing process, then there will be a disrupted reading frame for all codons before and after the mutation. This may result in several incorrect amino acids being introduced into the protein. Disruption in protein sequence will cause phenotypic change.
Hence, the correct option is D) a single nucleotide deletion in an exon coding for an active site
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The researchers prepare an intron-free copy of the eukaryotic gene for the use in creating the transgenic bacteria by using the reverse transcriptase to make the cDNA from the mature mRNA
The structure of the eukaryotic genes. Most of the eukaryotic genes are contain the segments of the coding sequences (exons) that interrupted by the noncoding sequences (introns). Both the exons and the introns are transcribed to yield a long and primary RNA transcript.
Eukaryotic DNA is the linear, compacted into the chromosomes by the histones, and has the telomeres at each end to protect from the deterioration. The Prokaryotes contain the circular DNA in addition to the smaller, transferable DNA plasmids. Eukaryotic cells contain the mitochondrial DNA in the addition to the nuclear DNA
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