Question

These are in the text surrounding a word and give hints for the meaning of the word.

Answer 1

It’s either context clues or substitution, but most likely context clues

Answer 2

$\huge{\boxed{\text{context clues}}}$

Context clues are clues in the text that surround a word.  You can use them to understand the meaning of the word.

Another example besides the one provided is “She thought the computer was profitless, but it turned out to be very valuable.”

Using context clues such as the word “valuable,” you can get a good idea of what the word “profitless” means.