Explanation:
GILLS – the gills of a skate are on the underside of their body. Whereas on a shark they're found either side of the head
<span>The answer to this question would be: Stratum granulosum
In stratum granulosum, the cell is producing keratin and became gradually flattened. The keratinocyte will become a layer of keratin that used for protecting the skin. After a while, the dead cells will be </span>replaced by the new keratin from the deeper layer and dead cells will be shed from the skin.
All of them will lead to depolarisation.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>:</h3>
Depolarisation is a phenomenon ebochor occurs in the excitable tissues of our bodies, namely the neurons and the muscle T junctions. Here the membrane is already polarised by means of difference in charges as well as concentration of ions on both sides of the cell membrane. With a single stimuli, this change in concentration is gone, and this is de polarisation.
This phenomenon occurs because of the opening of the ion channels like potassium channels and sodium channels which leads to a diffusion of ions from both sides to the other achieving a more or less equal concentration on both sides of cell membrane.
Now this opening of the ion channels can be triggered by means of different stimuli. In case of neurons, the opening of the post synaptic ion channels are guided by the chemical impulse taking in synapse.
In case of inter neuron transfer, the ion channels open due to change in voltage of the previous part of the axon.
In case of organ of Corti, the sodium channels open due to mechanical events occurring inside cochlea. So ion channels can open in any form will lead to change in potential.
Answer: The dependent variable.
Explanation: Experimental studies are designed to find relationships between one variable and another.